ADHD

What Is ADHD?

ADHD, known as Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, is a mental illness that can effect people in three different ways. One type of ADHD is characterized by inattentiveness (sometimes this is just called ADD, or Attention deficit disorder). Another type is characterized by hyperactivity and impulsiveness. The third type of ADHD is some combination of the first two.

What Are the Symptoms of ADHD?

ADHD is a complex mental illness and the effects that it has on people reflects that. The symptoms of ADHD depend on the type of ADHD you have in addition to your age.

The symptoms of inattentive behavior for children are:

difficulty following instructions
difficulty focusing on tasks
losing things at school and at home
forgetting things often
becoming easily distracted or having difficulty listening
lacking attention to detail
making careless mistakes
being disorganized
failure to complete homework or other tasks

The symptoms of hyperactive behavior for children are:

being fidgety
leaving their seat when they shouldn't
running or climbing inappropriately
always being on the go
blurting out answers
having trouble waiting their turn
interrupting others

ADHD can cause a child's grades to slip and make it harder for them to make meaningful relationships at school or home.

More often than not adults struggle with the inattentive aspect of ADHD, called ADD, because hyperactivity usually decreases with age. Adults with ADD usually show more anxiety and learning problems. The symptoms of adult ADD are:

distractibility
disorganization
forgetfulness
procrastination
chronic lateness
chronic boredom
anxiety
depression
low self-esteem
mood swings
employment problems
substance abuse or addictions
relationship problems

What Are the Risk Factors and Signs of ADHD?

ADHD has a strong genetic component that causes it to be passed down from parents to their children. A person's brain chemistry plays a role in them developing ADHD as well, specifically in regards to an imbalance or deficiency in certain chemicals that regulate the efficiency of controlled behavior by the brain.

How is ADHD Treated?

Receiving a diagnosis is the first step in treating ADHD. Getting diagnosed entails a reference to and evaluation by a mental health professional in addition to behavioral observation. Early identification is key to leading a happy and successful life with ADHD. Medication can also be used to provide the biological support needed for self control. Behavioral therapy can be used in conjunction with medication.

How Can You Cope with ADHD?

There are a number of ways that people can cope with ADHD. To provide internal structure, one can leave themselves notes and reminders. Finding positive outlets for ADHD, such as exercise or another favorite activity, works too. If it is hard to accomplish things, try breaking down assignments into smaller tasks and prioritize what can get done. Taking a break to find yourself when you get caught up in your ADHD is fine too. If it helps, it is ok to use humor around close friends and relatives.

Parents/guardians can help their child cope with ADHD by staying informed and involved. Help your child to stay organized and make sure they are receiving the proper support accommodations that they need at school. Know who your child is spending time with and encourage them to participate in social opportunities. Practice cool down strategies and encourage positive coping mechanisms. Keep an open dialogue between you and your child. Be clear what your expectations of them are and keep them informed of the risks of substance abuse and unsafe sexual activity (as people with ADHD can be impulsive).